INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND COMPOUNDS

 Organic compounds: Compounds with carbon and hydrogen as its major constituent is organic compounds. It may also consist of elements like oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, halogens and some other metals.

Carbon(C)

Chemical formula	C
Atomic Number (Z)	6
Period and block	Period-2 and group-14 p-block
Electronic Configuration	[He] 2s2 2p2
Electron per shell	2,4

                                                                                                                                                                                                    

Tetra covalency and catenation property of carbon

Tetra covalency: Proposed by Le Bel and Van't Hoff, four valencies of carbon atom are distributes towards the four corners of a tetrahedran constructed around the central carbon atom.

Catenation: The property of carbon atoms to form long chains of carbon molecules whether straight long chain or branches chain or closed cyclic carbon chain is catenation.

Elements like S and Si also exhibits catenation property. C shows the highest catenation property because it has short and strong bonds between C-C atoms which makes it possible to hold/ have strength to hold large molecules.

This given molecular structure is of toulene / chlorobenzene. It is benzene linked with methane. The carbon has double bond to fulfil tetravalency of carbon.